How to Prepare for a Job Interview | eHow.com
How to Prepare for a Job Interview | eHow.com
Everybody is in search of a good job and good jobs don’t come easy. Therefore if you are that lucky one who has got an opportunity for his dream job. Here are few tips that should be considered for an interaction/Interview.
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Repairing at LHC!
LHC Maintainence
LHC gets warning system upgrade
By Paul Rincon
Science reporter, BBC News
Cern has spent about 40m Swiss Francs (£24m) on repairs to the LHC
Engineers hope an early warning system being installed at the Large Hadron Collider could prevent incidents of the kind which shut the machine last year.
The helium leak last September, which resulted from a “faulty splice” between magnets, has delayed the start of science operations by more than a year.
Officials aim to re-start the collider, known as the LHC, in mid-November.
The vast physics lab is built inside a 27km-long circular tunnel straddling the French-Swiss border near Geneva.
The LHC will send two beams of particles crashing into each other at close to the speed of light. Scientists hope to see new particles in the debris of these collisions, revealing fundamental new insights into the nature of the cosmos and how it came into being.
It will allow us to constantly monitor the status of the interconnections
Gianluigi Arduini, Cern
BBC Radio 4 Material World: One year on from the LHC’s switch-on
This LHC “ring” is split into eight distinct parts, or sectors. Six of these are now at or close to their operating temperature of 1.9 kelvin (-271C; -456F).
Engineers are powering up magnets in three sectors to prepare for the injection of proton beams into the ring.
A low-intensity beam could be injected into the LHC in the second half of October, officials told the BBC.
This beam test would involve only parts of the collider, rather than the whole “ring”. If all goes to plan, the first beam collisions could occur before the end of the year.
Machine repairs
The collider has been shut down since 19 September 2008, when a magnet problem called a “quench” caused a tonne of liquid helium to leak into the LHC tunnel.
An investigation carried out for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (Cern), confirmed the cause of the accident was an electrical fault in one of the splices, or “interconnects”, linking two of the 1,200 “superconducting” magnets that accelerate particles around the LHC.
Superconductivity is the property, exhibited by some materials at very low temperatures, to channel electrical current with zero resistance and very little power loss. A quench occurs when part of a magnet heats up, causing its superconducting properties to be lost.
Engineers have been making major upgrades to the system designed to protect hardware against these events.
Guide to the LHC and how it works
They have had to install hundreds of new detectors around the machine.
Among other things, the upgraded quench protection system is expected to improve monitoring of the interconnects between magnets.
Gianluigi Arduini, deputy head of hardware commissioning for the LHC, told BBC News: “It will allow us to constantly monitor the status of the interconnections. If there is any deterioration detected by the system, the powering of the magnets will be automatically stopped, preventing any damage.”
James Gillies, Cern’s director of communications, said this would prevent the kind of damage which occurred in 2008. He told BBC News: “Last year, we didn’t see this thing coming.”
With the improved warning system, he added: “We would be looking at downtime of a matter of weeks, rather than a year… we’re in a much better place than we were 12 months ago.”
Mr Arduini said the upgraded system was currently undergoing testing in one of the LHC’s sectors.
Cern has spent about 40m Swiss Francs (£24m) on repairs to the LHC, including upgrades to the quench protection system.
Lower energies
When the collider finally re-starts at the end of this year, it is expected to do so at about half its intended energy.
The LHC was designed to run at energies of seven trillion electron volts. But the machine will clash together protons at energies of just 3.5 trillion electron volts in its first few months of operation.
Two issues stand in the way of Cern achieving its goal of seven trillion electron volts in the immediate future.
Firstly, engineers have discovered the collider has hundreds to thousands of faulty electrical splices between magnets.
“This limits the amount of current you can safely put in,” said Mr Gillies.
Officials have decided to put off repairing all the faulty splices. Instead, when the collider re-starts in November, engineers have been told not to exceed a maximum “safe” limit of five trillion electron volts.
Secondly, tests uncovered concerns about a number of the magnets themselves.
All LHC magnets undergo a “training” process, in which engineers crank up the electrical current until the magnets quench.
After a few iterations, a stable configuration is reached where the magnet can reliably operate at the current it was designed for.
The magnets had been trained to their operating current before being lowered into the LHC tunnel. But once connected underground, some of them were found to have “lost” their training.
“We couldn’t get up to the current necessary for operating at seven [trillion electron volts] at the first try,” said Mr Gillies.
When the collider re-starts in November, engineers will hope to get the LHC up to five trillion electron volts before the machine goes into its planned downtime again in November 2010.
They will then subsequently attempt to re-train magnets and possibly replace a proportion of the splices to ready the LHC for a push towards seven trillion electron volts.
Paul.Rincon-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk
(Courtesy: BBC)
Large Hadron Collider
Large Hadron Collider
Introduction:
Large Hadron Collider is a huge set up located near Geneva, Switzerland, it covers the border between Switzerland and France about 100 m underground. It is made for brilliant Experiments to take place. It is a highly organized and sophisticated structure. Within LHC there are various Experiments that started initially (ATLAS, ALICE, CMS and LHCb).There are many other experiments (Non-LHC experiments) that are take place within this underground 100m deep space as well. However, the goal, for these Experiments is to understand the creation itself and how our MULTI-VERSE operates.
Physicists from around the globe are working at LHC at almost all times and are involved in different experiments. The questions that LHC dares to answer are quite singular in their nature. For E.g. LHC is looking for a particle called ‘Higgs Boson’ predicted by Higgs in his theory. It is theorized that this particle is a reason for ‘MASS’ in all bodies. Had this particle not been present, everything would be MASSLESS and unimaginative to our minds. If this so called Particle really exists then LHC will bring it into the picture, enlightening our knowledge and the human capacity. Other Questions that LHC will answer is the secrets of DARK MATTER and DARK ENERGY. It looks into deeper secrets and into our Creation from the point of SINGULARITY. For instance, it investigates the process that went inside the BIG BANG at the smallest fraction of time about 10-43 Seconds after the Explosion. It investigates the real nature of matter.
Gravitation seems to be the feeblest of other known forces (Electromagnetic Force, String Force, and Weak Force) but is it really a weak force or is it that we know little about it. String theory has made us familiar with more than 4 dimensions. The world around us works in 4 Dimensions (UP, DOWN, BACKWARD, FORWARD, LEFT, RIGHT and TIME) but String Theorist suggest that there are many other dimensions that we cannot see since they are smaller than we can imagine or see. Therefore, they now theorize that GRAVITY is leaking from our 3D World into other Dimension. Thus Gravity is gets weaker as it leaks into other dimension.
People believe that these Experiments are not useful, for they really don’t help the world and it is eating millions and millions of Dollars every year. Though this seems to be the case but some experiments at LHC will help cancer patients and would be useful for many other medicinal purposes as well.
Therefore, we embark on this journey that LHC promises us, for there are many other questions LHC will answer but we will have to wait for at least 2-3 years, before we have some useful DATA to tell us about the PAST, PRESENT and prepare us for the FUTURE.
I shall Follow more Articles on LHC very shortly.
